When drawing scientific illustrations, we often face the choice between bitmap and vector graphics. This article will focus on exploring their definitions and differences for reference.

1. Image Types and Definitions

Vector Graphics: Composed of mathematically defined curves, with anchor points and paths as their basic components.

Bitmap Graphics: Also known as raster or pixel graphics, they are composed of individual pixels. When magnified, it becomes evident that the image consists of tiny square pixels.

2. Image Types and Resolution

Vector Graphics: They are resolution-independent, meaning they can be scaled to any size and printed at any resolution without losing clarity.

Bitmap Graphics: Composed of pixels, so when an image is enlarged, the pixels also get bigger. Since each pixel has a single color, enlarging a bitmap image results in the well-known pixelation effect.

3. Image Types and Color Representation

Bitmap Graphics: Capable of displaying rich and detailed colors, making them ideal for realistic images of natural objects.

Vector Graphics: Due to mathematical constraints, they have limited color representation and cannot effectively depict realistic objects. Instead, vector graphics are often used for icons, logos, illustrations and other simple, clear designs.

In the following images, you can see that bitmap graphics display a wider range of colors.

Bitmap Graphics

Vector Graphics

4. Image Types and File Formats

Common Bitmap Formats: bmp, pcx, gif, jpg, tif, psd of photoshop etc.

Common Vector Formats: AI, EPS, SVG (AdobeIllustrator), dwg, dxf (AutoCAD), cdr (CorelDRAW), etc.

5. Image Type Conversion

Vector graphics can be converted into bitmap images using graphic design software. However, converting a bitmap image into a vector graphic requires complex and extensive data processing, and the quality of the resulting vector image may vary significantly.

Understanding Image Color Modes

The color mode of an image is a model that expresses a certain color in digital form, or a way to record the color of an image. It is divided into: RGB mode (ideal for digital displays), CMYK mode (optimized for print media), HSB mode (intuitive hue-saturation-brightness representation), Lab color mode (device-independent color space), grayscale mode (scientific imaging and monochrome graphics), indexed color mode (limited palette for web graphics), two-tone mode (elegant duotone effects), and multi-channel mode (specialized color separations).

In scientific research and journal cover design, the most critical color modes are grayscale mode (for microscopy and monochrome data), RGB mode (for on-screen presentations and digital publications), and CMYK mode (for high-quality printed journal covers and figures). Understanding these modes ensures accurate color representation in scientific visuals.

1、Gray scale

Definition: also known as grayscale map, the image expressed in gray scale is called grayscale map.

Grayscale color: pure white, pure black and a series of transition colors from black to white.      

Features: It does not contain any hue, that is, there are no colors such as red and yellow.

2. RGB

RGB mode is mainly used for screen display and is a luminous color mode. All colors in nature can be obtained by combining different intensities of the three color wavelengths of red, green and blue (RGB), which is what people often call the three-primary color principle. It is more suitable for electronic journals and can also be used for paper journals.

3. CMYK

CMYK color mode is a printing mode and a reflective color mode. The four letters refer to Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black, representing four ink colors in printing.

CMYK mode is essentially the same as RGB mode, except that the principle of color generation is different. In RGB mode, the color is generated by mixing the colored light emitted by the light source, while in CMYK mode, the light shines on paper with different proportions of C, M, Y, and K inks. After part of the spectrum is absorbed, the light reflected to the human eye generates color. It is more suitable for paper journals.

4, Notes:

CMYK and RGB are the most common color modes in academic journals.

For the mutual conversion of the two image color modes, the CMYK color range (gamut) and RGB mode are relatively small, so the CMYK mode can be converted to RGB mode, while  RGB mode may cause color distortion when converted to CMYK mode.

For example, the two journal covers below demonstrate how color modes impact design: the left cover is in RGB mode, while the right cover has been converted to CMYK mode. Due to CMYK's smaller color gamut, the hues appear more vivid and abrupt, with weaker transitions. This shift is a common challenge in scientific cover design, where accurate color representation is crucial.

This color mode conversion problem is also frequently encountered by many researchers when making diagrams, We hope today’s discussion helps you navigate these color mode conversions effectively!

When discussing the differences between vector graphics and bitmap images, we touched upon a key characteristic of bitmap images—resolution. Indeed, resolution plays a crucial role in scientific image collection and paper preparation. This article will explore the definition of resolution, how to calculate it, and common issues related to it.

1. Definition of Image Resolution

Image resolution is a unique attribute of bitmap images, referring to the number of pixels contained within an inch of an image. It is measured in DPI (dots per inch), often referred to as "pixels per inch" or "dots per inch." Essentially, resolution determines the level of detail in an image, much like the concept of density in physics.

2. How to Calculate Image Resolution

When we know the physical size of an image and the number of its pixels, we can calculate the size of its resolution with the formula shown below.

3. About image size

One thing to pay special attention to is that when we refer to image size, it is not the physical size of the image but the number of pixels (number size) in the drawing software. Usually, the larger the resolution, the finer the image. As shown in the following figure, the physical size of the same two diagrams, the more the number of its pixel grid, the finer the image.

4. Frequently Asked Questions About Resolution

Q1: Since it is said that the larger the resolution, the finer the image, is it true that the larger the resolution, the better the image quality?

From this extreme example above, it seems that increasing the resolution does not affect the fineness of the image when the image has a single color. So, in the face of more complex color images, the resolution can be appropriately increased, while the color of a single image can meet the demand.

Q2：The difference between PPI and DPI.

ppi (pixels per inch): the sampling rate of the image (in the image, the number of pixels contained in each inch), refers to the smallest point of the screen can be resolved.

dpi (dots per inch): print resolution (the number of dots per inch that can be printed, that is, the printing accuracy), in general, can be understood as the smallest physical device can be resolved unit.

The two use different scenarios (screen and print), the definition is slightly different, can be generalized to some extent.

Q3：Can I put an image into Photoshop by directly increasing the resolution to make the image clearer?

It is possible to get Photoshop to increase the DPI, but there is no practical significance, because the total amount of information the image has has already been determined. If you increase the resolution at the same size, it will only result in an unrealistic enlargement of the pixels in the image (the extra pixels are calculated by difference); if you don't limit the size, you will change the size at the same time as you change the resolution. Therefore, the resolution should be determined at the beginning of the image drawing and not hope to change it later.

Q4：Are there any requirements for image resolution in journal submissions?

In journal submissions, generally for color portfolio images, the image requirements are 300 dpi or higher, depending on the journal's author submission guidelines.

For example, the author guidelines on the PNAS website have the following image resolution requirements:

Please supply high-resolution files whenever possible. Resolution of at least 1200 dpi is needed for all line art, 600 dpi for images that combine line art with photographs/halftones, and 600 dpi for images that combine line art with photographs/halftones. Resolution of at least 1200 dpi is needed for all line art, 600 dpi for images that combine line art with photographs/halftones, and 300 dpi for color or grayscale photographic images. Please review the PNAS Digital Art Guidelines.

Though the general slide mats has nicely served for more than 2 years in our clients′water parks, H-FUN research team continuously devote ourselves to create new player-oriented slide mats with the aim of safer and more ergonomic.

After thousands of tests, H-FUN team finally created the new ergonomic water slide mats.

The new slide mat uses 20 mm non-toxic EVA abrasion resistant material. New ergonomic design handle has been reinforced with four screws which make the slide mat much safer and more suitable for players.

Two layers reinforced material make the new design water slide mat serves much longer than those old ones.

The screws have been totally covered in the EVA foam which keep the water slide away from damages while the mat slides.

58” dimension suit for most of players.

Guangzhou H-Fun Water Recreational Articles Co., LTD. is an experienced professional water recreational articles research and development team, manufacturer and supplier. We get expert water park products research and development team, targeting at creating the most safety and ergonomic water articles which can serve the global world. We run our own factory which follows the strictest water recreational articles producing standards. And we only supply the qualified high-class products without any substandard goods. 

H-FUN hope to cooperate with clients all over the world to bulid longterm business relationship.

Guangzhou H-Fun Water Recreational Articles Co., LTD. is an experienced professional water recreational articles manufacturer. We run our own factory and company with exhibition hall. Let get into the showing room to explore how H-Fun differs.

Kinds of water park safety H-Fun design tubes for water slide and pool float.

Water park safety solid H-Fun design single tube for water slide and pool float.

Water park safety solid H-Fun design double tube for water slide and pool float.

Water park safety solid H-Fun design tripple tube for water slide and pool float.

Water park safety solid H-Fun design four person water slide tube for water slides.

Water park safety solid H-Fun design four air chamber four person water slide tube for water slides: Even one of the air chambers gets damaged, others will not be affected, and the four air chamber water slide tube still can carry players back safely.

Water park safety solid H-Fun design five person water slide tube for water slides.

Water park safety solid roud H-Fun design family water slide tube for water slides.

Water park safety H-Fun design EVA life jackets for pool float

Water park safety H-Fun design water slide mats for water slides

H-Fun water park storage locker and ticket channel

H-Fun water park live saving chair and floating board

The lounger of H-Fun

Otherwater recreational articles of H-Fun

H-Fun have highly experienced professional teams in R&D, management and producing who devote all the time to saving our customers′ money, time, energy and trouble. Our water park tubes are sealed by Heat Bonding Technology which make us competitive and realible. Nowdays, many H-Fun′s products, just like "Safety Slide Tube", "Tube with Backrest" and " Ergonomic Slide Mat" with patent protection, have become popular in our clients′ water parks in domestic China and overseas. H-fun team hope to cooperate with customers around the whole world to redefine the future of the water parks.

Water parks have long been a symbol of joy, adventure, and family-friendly entertainment. As the global demand for immersive aquatic experiences grows, the role of cutting-edge equipment suppliers becomes pivotal. Enter Guangdong  H-Fun Water Recreational Articles Co., Ltd., a trailblazer in the water park industry that has been crafting unforgettable aquatic adventures for over two decades. In this blog, we explore how is revolutionizing water parks with its innovative designs, safety-first approach, and commitment to sustainability.

First,Innovation at the Core: Transforming Water park Dreams into Reality

Guangdong H-Fun stands out for its ability to merge creativity with engineering excellence. Their product portfolio spans:

Thrilling Water Slides: From high-speed freefall slides to family-friendly raft rides, it designs cater to adrenaline junkies and casual visitors alike.

Interactive Water Play Structures: Think splash pads, tipping buckets, and aquatic obstacle courses that engage kids and adults.

Wave Pools & Lazy Rivers: Advanced wave generation systems and serene floating experiences that mimic natural waterways.

Themed Attractions: Customizable designs that align with park themes, whether futuristic, tropical, or fantasy-inspired.

By leveraging 3D modeling and virtual reality simulations, H-Fun ensures every ride is optimized for excitement, flow, and visual appeal.

Second, Safety: The Non-Negotiable Priority

Water park fun must always align with safety. it’s equipment adheres to international standards and incorporates:

Anti-Slip Surfaces : Critical for wet environments.

Ergonomic Design: Smooth edges, secure harness systems, and optimized water flow to minimize risks.

Durable Materials: Corrosion-resistant stainless steel, UV-stabilized plastics, and non-toxic coatings ensure longevity and user safety.

H-Fun’s team also provides comprehensive training for park operators, ensuring seamless maintenance and emergency preparedness.

Third, Sustainability: Making Waves Responsibly

Modern water parks face pressure to reduce environmental footprints. H-Fun addresses this through:

Energy-Efficient Systems: Solar-powered pumps, LED lighting, and smart water recycling technologies.

Eco-Friendly Materials: Recyclable components and low-VOC paints.

Water Conservation: Filtration systems that minimize waste and chemical usage.

By prioritizing green innovation, H-Fun helps parks align with global sustainability goals while cutting operational costs.

The team of Guangzhou H-Fun has more than 10 years experience of water park products. At the beginning, we make order from other inflatable product factories, but problems come soon.

That is the reason why we decide to build our own factory to produce safety water park tubes by using hot air welding technology(Heat bonding). We found the most skilled workers to guarantee the quality of our products, and developed integrated mould to control the cost.

Our new products soon get popular in many water parks and get some main customer like Wanda and Floraisland. These new products can be used much longer than old ones. As time went by, we found the handles became the brittlest part. After trail and error, we reinforced the handle with PVC pad to solve this problem.

We extra reinforced the middle joint of four person tube, which is the weak part before. Last year, we created four-air-chamber safety four person tubes(Clover Leaf Tube), which is much steadier and safer: even one of the air chambers get damaged, others will not be affected, and the tube still can carry players back safely.

We apply patent for this design and introduce the safety tube to our customer. Now, no players get hurt on our clients' water park anymore after using our safety tube.

H-FUN would love to cooperate with customers around the whole world to create a safe water amusement park circumstance for the global human beings.

Which kind of Water park are you going to build?

Water parks have become more and more popular as summer destinations, ranging from luxurious Commercial water theme park to temporary inflatable water parks are crowded by players. It become very profitable project to build a water park. But which kind of water park is suitable to you? In this blog, we will introduce three main types of water parks, analyzing their features and identifying their target consumer.

1. Commercial water theme park

• Commercial water theme park are often located with commercial comprehensive, including theme parks, hotels, theaters, shopping malls and resorts. It not only offers a rich and diverse water-based recreational activities, but also equips one-stop leisure amenities such as dining and shopping. They can provide luxurious, all-inclusive resort experiences, entertainment options for all age groups. Usually this type of water parks are well designed with stylish games and decorated luxuriously, so they need huge investment and strict safety requirements.

• Example: Adventure Water Park by OCT Group, is one of the largest water parks in Central China. The park is open all year round, covering an area of 150,000 square meters. It is a part of the 848 Hectares OCT leisure and tourism resort in Xiangyang, which includes Fantasy valley theme park, Colorful children's park, Wonderful town plaza, and hotels.

There are more than 20 games in Adventure Bay water park, including lazy river and wave pool, World's first orbiter slide and duel master blaster from Whitewater West, Double Tornado WAVE from Proslide, Phoenix racer from Wiegand etc. According to their strict safety requirements and attractive theme designs, Guangdong H-Fun developed new double tube for duel master blaster, low gravity cloverleaf tube with seat pads for Double Tornado WAVE, new design round raft for orbiter slide and new design tubes and life jackets.

Players can seat in 6 person raft to soar in the world's first satellite orbit slide 6-person rafts soar with 360-degree spiral, plunge down an open, twisting path, and zoom out through a high-speed curved exit,providing an unprecedented thrilling experience.

Special design water park tubes and life jackets also provide unique experience in the 8000 square meters wave pool and lazy river.

Another example Ocean Flower Island water park located in Hainan Province of China, become a first snow mountain themed water park in South China. With an area of 110,000 square meters, the water park designed by WTI, with 6000 square meters of wave pool and 18 top excited games supplied by Proslide, White Water West, Dalang etc. including a zip-line provide a view of snow mountain design across the park which not common in water park. Their water park tubes and life jackets also from Guangdong H-Fun.

Aquaventure World in Atlantis Dubai is one of the largest water park in the world, where over 105 record-breaking slides, attractions and experiences span 22.5 hectares of fun, including world's largest and longest family water coaster the "shock wave". Along with the huge aquarium, dolphin encounters, water sports, luxurious hotels, shopping corridor, bar and restaurants in Atlantis Dubai, it become premier destination of trip or vacation in the world. Unique design water park tubes and water slide rafts enhance this trip experience for players from all around the world.

2. Community water park

• Community water park are usually located in densely populated community or suburbs, easily accessible to local residents. These parks primarily serve the surrounding communities, providing daily recreational facilities such as small slides, splash pool and shallow water areas to need to different age groups, suitable for weekend outgoing or after-school activities for families, schools, and club teams. Water park equipment in community water parks are much smaller than commercial water theme park, Water slides can be made with fiberglass, steel, concrete or plastic. accordingly, they need much less investment and much easier to to build.

• Example: Zhuhai Hot Wave Bay Water Park, designed and made by Guangzhou Cowboy Water Park Equipment Co., Ltd. The park features three pools with different depths to satisfy visitors of all ages. All equipment in the water park is made of high-strength fiberglass, and high-quality 304 stainless steel, comprehensively enhancing its safety and service life.

New design water play equipment inflatable dome bouncing slide with water spray made by Guangdong H-Fun, is providing new experience in community water parks. players can climb, bounce and slide on it, which is very attractive to kids.

3. Inflatable Water Parks

There are mainly  type of Inflatable water parks, one type with floating on water area like lake or sea, and the other type with frame pool, inflatable pools, and inflatable water slides, other water toys an land. These facilities can be quickly assembled and disassembled according to the site and demand, suitable for various outdoor activities or temporary entertainment. Inflatable water parks and be build very easy with low investment.

The Inflatable water park in Fiji as shown in below picture made by Guangzhou Lily Toys Co., Ltd. The park consists of inflatable pools, inflatable water slides, and inflatable obstacle track games. These facilities can be quickly set up and easily taken down.

Besides, a type of inflatable water slide called slide the city, they are inflated on street road in the city, can be 200 or 2000 meters long. Like Sip n Slide in Tulsa, USA, high quality overlap sealed single and double tubes from Guangdong H-Fun secured safety and enjoy of players.

Commercial water theme parks, community water parks, and inflatable water parks, everyone can find their favorite attractions. Investors can choose the one suitable to their locations, target customers and amount of investment and returns. Apart from water park equipment, supporting products also need to choose reliable ones before running. especially water park tubes, rafts, water slide mats and life jackets from Guangdong H-Fun are recognized by main players in the industry. Now water parks of Guangdong H-Fun are widely used in over 1000 water parks in more than 100 countries all around the world.

At Guangdong  H-Fun Water Recreational Articles Co., Ltd, we’re thrilled to announce the successful shipment of a wide range of inflatable water park equipment to Turkey! From single rider tubes to family-sized rafts, our products are designed to deliver unforgettable aquatic adventures. Here’s a closer look at the high-quality items we’ve shipped: 

1. Single  Tubes

Perfect for solo adventurers, our  single rider tubes  are made from  0.75mm PVC  for durability and comfort. Whether gliding down a lazy river or braving wave pools, these tubes are built to last. 

2. Double Tubes   

Designed for shared fun, our  double rider tubes  feature reinforced handles and quick-drain valves. Ideal for couples or friends, these tubes are a hit in both commercial water parks and private resorts. 

3. Triple  Tubes   

For group excitement, our  triple rider tubes  offer ample space and stability. Made with  UV-resistant PVC , they’re perfect for family outings or competitive racing. 

4. Triangle Tubes 

Add a unique twist to your water park with our  triangle rafts . Their innovative design ensures smooth rides and easy maneuverability, making them a favorite for themed attractions. 

5. Four-Person Tubes ( cloverleaf tube)

Our  four-person tubes  are built for family fun or group adventures. With  anti-slip grips  and  heavy-duty construction , they’re perfect for high-traffic water parks. 

6. PVC Round Tubes   

Classic and versatile, our  PVC round tubes  are a must-have for any water park. Available in single, double, and four-person sizes, they’re designed for both relaxation and thrill rides. 

7. Four-Person Round Rafts   

Specifically designed for larger groups, our  four-person round tubes  combine durability with comfort. Their spacious design ensures everyone stays safe and enjoys the ride. 

8. Long Slide Mats   

For high-speed fun, our  long slide mats  are a game-changer. Made with  textured surfaces  for grip and  quick-drain technology , they’re perfect for water slides and splash zones. 

Why Choose Our Products?   

-  Durable Materials : 0.75mm PVC for long-lasting performance. 

-  Safety First : Reinforced handles, non-slip surfaces, and quick-drain valves. 

-  Customizable : Add logos or unique designs to match your brand. 

-  Bulk Options : Wholesale pricing for large orders. 

Shipping to Turkey   

We’re proud to partner with Turkish water parks and resorts, delivering top-tier inflatable equipment that meets international safety standards. Our logistics team ensures timely delivery and seamless customs clearance. 

Ready to Elevate Your Water park?   

Whether you’re upgrading your lazy river or adding new attractions, our inflatable tubes and rafts are the perfect choice. Contact us today to place your order or request a custom quote! 

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In the water treatment industry, foam formation can lead to several operational challenges, including reduced efficiency, increased maintenance costs, and potential system failures. To mitigate these issues, defoamers play a crucial role. These chemical additives help reduce and control foam, ensuring that water treatment processes run smoothly and effectively. By using defoamers, water treatment plants can optimize performance, save time, and reduce the likelihood of costly disruptions.